NASA Releases Orbiting Carbon Observatory Accident Summary

MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
JET PROPULSION LABORATORY
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
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Katherine Trinidad 202-358-1100
NASA Headquarters, Washington
katherine.trinidad@nasa.gov

NEWS RELEASE: 2009-109 July 17, 2009

NASA Releases Orbiting Carbon Observatory Accident Summary

PASADENA, Calif. – A NASA panel that investigated the unsuccessful Feb. 24 launch of the
Orbiting Carbon Observatory, or OCO, has completed its report.

NASA's OCO satellite to study atmospheric carbon dioxide launched aboard a Taurus XL rocket
from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California on Feb. 24 at 1:55 a.m. PST, but it failed to reach
orbit.

The Mishap Investigation Board led by Rick Obenschain, deputy director at NASA's Goddard
Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., verified that the Taurus launch vehicle fairing failed to
separate upon command. The fairing is a clamshell structure that encapsulates the satellite as it travels
through the atmosphere. The failure to shed the fairing mass prevented the satellite from reaching its
planned orbit and resulted in its destruction.

The board identified four potential causes that could have resulted in the fairing not separating:

* A failure of the frangible joint subsystem. A frangible joint is an explosive device that
provides instantaneous separation of flight vehicle structures while maintaining confinement
of explosive debris.
* A failure in the electrical subsystem that prevented sufficient electrical current to initiate the
required ordnance devices.
* A failure in the pneumatic system, which supplies pressure to thrusters which separate the
fairing.
* A cord snagged on a frangible joint side rail nut plate.

The panel also provided recommendations to prevent any future problems associated with the four
hardware components that could have caused the OCO accident.

The six-member board began its investigation in early March. The panel conducted hardware testing;
performed and reviewed engineering analysis and simulation data; reviewed telemetry data;
collected and secured more than 2,000 documents; and conducted 78 interviews of critical personnel
associated with the mission.

The official report of the board contains information restricted by U.S. International Traffic in Arms
Regulations and company-sensitive proprietary information. As a result, the board has prepared a
summary of its report, which provides an overview of publicly releasable findings and
recommendations regarding the OCO mission failure. The summary is available at:
http://www.nasa.gov/oco .

NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., has managed the Orbiting Carbon Observatory
mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. JPL is managed for NASA by the
California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.

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